Everything You Need to Know About South African Citizenship

South African citizenship is a significant milestone for many individuals and families who have made the country their home. Whether you were born in South Africa, have South African lineage, or have lived here for several years, there are legal pathways to obtain citizenship.

In this guide, we break down the three different ways to acquire South African citizenship, key requirements, and important considerations to help you navigate the process.

Types of South African Citizenship

There are three primary ways to acquire South African citizenship:

1. Citizenship by Birth
   
   
2. Citizenship by Descent
   
   
3. Citizenship by Naturalisation

Let’s take a closer look at each category.

1. Citizenship by Birth

You may be eligible for South African citizenship by birth if:

• You were born in South Africa and at least one of your parents was a South African citizen at the time of your birth.
  
  
• You were born outside of South Africa and at least one of your parents was a South African citizen at the time of your birth.
  
  

It’s recommended to register births as promptly as possible. Even if the birth occurred abroad, registering it with the nearest South African embassy or consulate is possible. For cases where this has not been done, a process called late registration of birth will be required to claim one's right to SA citizenship.

2. Citizenship by Descent

If you were born outside of South Africa but have a parent who is a South African citizen by birth, descent, or naturalisation, you may qualify for citizenship by descent.

This is particularly relevant in case of adoption. As a child adopted by a South African citizen in terms of the Children’s Act, citizenship by descent can be granted, provided the adoption and birth are properly registered with the Department of Home Affairs.

3. Citizenship by Naturalisation

This is the most common route for foreign nationals living in South Africa on a permanent basis.

To qualify, you must:

• Hold permanent residency in South Africa for a minimum of five consecutive years (preceding the application).
  
  
• Have not been absent from South Africa for more than 90 days per year during that five year period.
  
  
• Demonstrate good character and a basic proficiency in one of South Africa’s official languages.
  
  
• Obtain written confirmation from your current country of citizenship that you are permitted to hold dual nationality.
  
  

Note: Some countries have strict rules regarding dual citizenship so it’s important to do your due diligence to find out if your country of origin allows this.

Once approved, you’ll be required to take an Oath of Allegiance before receiving your naturalisation certificate.

Citizenship for Children Born to Permanent Residents

If both parents are permanent residents and their child is born in South Africa, that child may qualify for South African citizenship by birth once they turn 18, provided they have lived in South Africa continuously since birth.

How to Apply for South African Citizenship

The process varies depending on the type of citizenship you're applying for, but here are the typical steps for naturalisation which is most common and relevant to our clients:

1. Proof of Permanent Residency:

The first step of the process is submitting a proof of PR application. This confirms your permanent residency status, ensures that you’ve met all conditions, and the legitimacy thereof.

2. Key documents required:
   
   

• Permanent residence certificate
• Proof of PR confirmation letter from Home Affairs
• Valid South African ID (or foreign passport)
• Unabridged Birth certificate
• Police clearance certificates
• Letter of consent from your current country (for dual citizenship)
  
  

3. Submit Application: Applications are submitted through the Department of Home Affairs.
   
   
4. Wait for Processing: Processing times can vary, but expect a wait of 6-12 months.
   
   
5. Oath of Allegiance: Once approved, you’ll attend a citizenship interview where you pledge allegiance to South Africa and sign a declaration.
   
   
6. Receive Naturalisation Certificate and SA ID: After the oath, you’ll receive your naturalisation certificate and may apply for a South African ID and passport.
   
   

Losing South African Citizenship

There are certain conditions under which South African citizenship may be lost:

• If a citizen voluntarily acquires citizenship of another country without applying for retention of South African citizenship.
  
  
• If deemed in the public interest by the Minister of Home Affairs.
  
  

Naturalised citizens are particularly vulnerable to having their citizenship revoked compared to citizens by birth.

Determining Your Citizenship Status

Unsure whether you’re still a South African citizen? You can apply for determination of citizenship through the Department of Home Affairs. This is typically relevant for individuals who may have lost their SA citizenship through naturalisation elsewhere, and did not do the required process called retention of citizenship.

If the outcome is that your SA citizenship has lapsed, you may still be declared a permanent resident through birthright. You’d then be able to reapply for the resumption of your SA citizenship after 12 months of continuous residence, provided your return to SA is permanent.

How We Can Help You

At Intergate Immigration, we specialise in helping individuals and families successfully navigate the complexities of South African immigration and citizenship law.

With a deep understanding of immigration regulations and a proven track record, our team is here to support and guide you every step of the way.

Final Thoughts

Becoming a South African citizen is a proud and life-changing step. Whether you're applying through birth, descent or naturalisation, it's essential to understand your rights, responsibilities, and the legal requirements involved.

If you’re ready to start your journey towards South African citizenship, get in touch with us today - we’d love to help make the process smooth and successful.

Need help with your citizenship application? Contact us at + 27 (0) 21 424 24 60 or info@intergate-immigration.com to book a consultation with one of our consultants.

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